Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Article Title: Multidimensional assessment of in-host fitness costs of echinocandin resistance in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida glabrata reveals the niche-specific requirement for FKS1 and FKS2 during infection and gut colonization
doi: 10.1128/aac.01801-25
Figure Lengend Snippet: Although fks1Δ showed comparable intracellular replication rates relative to wild type within THP1 macrophages, fks2Δ mutants showed a severe attenuation of intracellular replication rates ( A ). Fks2 F659del induced a significantly lower cytotoxicity to THP1 macrophages compared to wild type ( B ). Fks2 F659del and fks1Δ mutants had the highest and lowest phagocytosis by primary human neutrophils ( C ), whereas only neutrophils infected with fks2Δ mutants produced a significantly higher ROS ( D ). Fks2 F659del and fks2Δ mutants had the lowest survival during interaction with primary human neutrophils ( E ). Cell wall exposure analysis revealed that Fks2 F659del mutants had the highest mannan exposure ( F ), Fks2 F659del , Fks2 F659V , and fks1Δ exhibited a significantly higher chitin exposure ( G ), and fks1Δ showed the least β-glucan exposure ( H ). Each data point reflects an individual biological replicate in all figures. The Wilcoxon test was used for analysis. *, **, ***, and **** refer to P values <0.05 and >0.01, <0.01, <0.005, and <0.0005, respectively. THP1: Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1.
Article Snippet: Concanavalin A AF-647, wheat-germ agglutinin-FITC, and anti-β-glucan primary antibody (Biosupplies) were used to detect mannan, chitin, and β-glucan, respectively.
Techniques: Infection, Produced
